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CottonGeneral For a long time, cotton played an unimportant role among textiles. Its high price due to the tedious task of seeding hindered its advance. It took many times to remove the seeds from a medium-sized bale of cotton. For these reasons cotton was a luxury fibre. By the invention of the cotton gin and the development of the spinning and weaving looms cotton gained importance. The development of synthetic fibres caused the decrease in cotton's present rate of 45-50 % of the market today. Without synthetic fibres, it would be impossible to clothe the world's population today. Applications Based on its positive properties, cotton is often processed unblended, in the %100 state. In order to minimize its negative properties, however, it is blended with other fibres. It is mostly blended with polyester or polyamide fibers. Functions Cotton belongs to the category of one-celled fibres. Cotton fibre consists of one cell with tree layers; Cell Membran, Nucleus, Cell Body. Row cotton contains the following substances: Cellulose: 82-89 % Water: 7-10 % Proteins: 1.0-1.8 % Pectines: 0.6-1.1 % Minerals: 0.6-1.5 % Organic acids: 0.5-0.9 % Waxes: 0.4-0.9 % Other residues: Remainder Specifications Highest rub resistance of all natural fibres High tensile strength (dry and wet) Relatively heavy (density: 1,5 g/cm^3) Very supple and therefore readily and finely spinnable Good bleachability Good dyeability High absorbancy and water retention properties High air permeability Little to no gloss Soft, pleasing handle No electrostatic charging Pleasant on the skin Can be ironed at high temperatures Good resistance to caustic soda solutions Solvent-resistant, therefore capable of being dry cleaned Adequate stability to bleaching agents Medium light and weathering stability Moderate resistance to microorganisms Low heat conservation Slow-drying Tends to fluff Prone to soil Low elasticity Poor dimensional stability |
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